Ordinary Differential Equations

Ordinary differential equations gave rise to different branches
of mathematics: they stimulated the development of calculus by Newton, the invention
of topology by Poincare and motivated the study of Lie groups. On the other hand,
the theory of differential equations is the field of application of all the disciplines
mentioned above, with complex analysis and algebraic geometry added to this list.
The present course follows the modern exposition given by Arnold in his textbook, 1985.
This exposition is enriched by elements of the analytic theory of ODE and very first steps
in the general theory of dynamical systems.

Curriculum:

1. Processes described by ODE.
2. Examples from ecology, mechanics, electricity.
3. Elementary methods of integration and symmetries.
4. General theory: existence and uniqueness of solutions in real and complex domains.
5. Small parameter method.
6. Linear theory.
7. Phase flows of linear vector fields and exponentials of linear operators.
8. Linear equations of higher order.
9. Resonance.
10. Small amplitude oscillations.
11. Stability of singular and fixed points.
12. Limit cycles and their stability.
13. Poincare-Bendixson theorem.
14. The Smale horseshoe.
15. Linear equations in the complex domain.
16. Monodromy group.
17. Elements of Frobenius theory.

Textbooks

• V. I. Arnold, Ordinary differential equations.